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  • Intro
    • Welcome
    • The Benefits of BSV Blockchain
    • What Can I Do?
    • Overview of GitHub repositories
    • Quick Start
  • Protocol
    • Introduction
    • BSV Blockchain
      • Blocks
      • Transactions
      • Proof of Work
      • Capabilities
      • Economic Model of Governance
      • Digital Asset Recovery
    • Network Policies
      • High-Level Architecture
      • Mining
      • Standard and Local Policies
      • Consensus Rules
      • Local Policies
    • Node Operations
      • Node Software
      • Bitcoin Server Network (BSN)
      • ChainTracker
      • Transaction Validation
      • UTXO Storage
      • Mempool
      • Block Assembler
      • Block Validation
      • Mining Software
      • Pruning transactions
      • Responsibilities of a Node
    • SPV Wallets, Overlays and SPV Processes
      • Simplified Payment Verification (SPV)
      • Instant Payments
      • Integrity Checks
      • SPV Wallets & Overlays
    • Transaction Lifecycle
      • Transaction Inputs and Outputs
      • Script
      • Transaction Flow
      • Constructing a transaction
      • Sequence Number and Time Locking
      • Transaction Templates
      • Transaction Processing
      • Opcodes used in Script
    • Privacy
      • Keys and Identity
      • Private vs Anonymous
      • Digital Signatures
      • Privacy on the Public Blockchain
  • Network Access Rules
    • Rules
      • Table of Contents
      • Background to the Rules
      • PART I - MASTER RULES
      • PART II - GENERAL RULES
      • PART III - ENFORCEMENT RULES
      • PART IV - DISPUTE RESOLUTION RULES
      • PART V - INTERPRETIVE RULES
    • FAQs
      • Miners
      • Professionals
      • Users
  • Important Concepts
    • High Level
      • Web3
      • Timestamping
      • SPV
      • UTXO vs Account Based
      • Linked Keys
      • Smart Contracts
    • Details
      • Hash Functions
      • Merkle Trees
      • Sighash Flags
      • Script
      • SPV
        • Deep Dive
        • Payments Flow
        • Data Models
        • Broadcasting
  • Network Topology
    • Mandala Upgrade
    • Nodes
      • SV Node
        • Architecture
        • System Requirements
        • Installation
          • SV Node
            • Configuration
            • AWS Volumes Setup
            • DDOS Mitigation
            • Docker
            • Genesis Settings
            • GetMiningCandidate
            • GKE
            • Network Environments
              • Regtest
              • STN
              • Testnet
        • Alert System
          • Alert Messages
          • Running the Alert System
            • Startup Script
          • Webhooks
        • RPC Interface
          • RPC Methods
        • Frequently Asked Questions
          • Blocks
          • Initial Block Download
          • Transactions
          • Log File Warnings
          • Safe Mode
          • Bug Bounty
        • Chronicle Release
      • Teranode
    • Overlay Services
      • Overlay Example
    • SPV Wallet
      • Quickstart
      • Key Concepts
      • AWS Deployment
        • Installation
        • Manage & Maintain
        • Update
        • Delete
      • Components
        • SPV Wallet Server
        • Storage
        • Web Admin
        • Block Headers Service
        • Web App & API
      • Who is it for?
      • Functionality & Roadmap
      • Contribute
      • Developers Guide
        • SPV Wallet
          • Authentication
          • Configuration
          • Notification
        • Go Client
          • Authentication
        • JS Client
          • Authentication
        • Admin
        • Keygen
        • Block Headers Service
          • Authentication
          • Configuration
      • Additional Components
  • paymail
    • Overview
    • BRFC Specifications
      • Specification Documents
      • BRFC ID Assignment
    • Service Discovery
      • Host Discovery
      • Capability Discovery
    • Public Key Infrastructure
    • Payment Addressing
      • Basic Address Resolution
      • Sender Validation
      • Receiver Approvals
      • PayTo Protocol Prefix
    • Verify Public Key Owner
    • Recommendations
  • Guides
    • Local Blockchain Stack
      • Mockchain Stack
    • Business Use Cases
      • Creating a Tranche of Event Tickets
    • SDKs
      • Concepts
        • BEEF
        • Fees
        • SPV
        • Transactions
        • Op Codes
        • Script Templates
        • Signatures
        • Verification
      • TypeScript
        • Node, CommonJS
        • React
        • Low Level
          • Verification
          • ECDH
          • Numbers & Points
          • Signatures
          • 42
          • ECDSA
          • Hmacs
          • Keys
          • Scripts
        • Examples
          • Creating a Simple Transaction
          • Verifying a BEEF Structure
          • Creating Transactions with Inputs, Outputs and Templates
          • Creating the R-puzzle Script Template
          • Message Encryption and Decryption
          • Message Signing
          • Building a Custom Transaction Broadcast Client
          • Verifying Spends with Script Intrepreter
          • BIP32 Key Derivation with HD Wallets
          • Using Type 42 Key Derivation for Bitcoin Wallet Management
          • Creating a Custom Transaction Fee Model
          • Building a Pulse Block Headers Client
          • Using ECIES Encryption
      • Go
        • Examples
          • Simple Tx
          • Keys
          • Encryption
          • Broadcasting
          • Inscribing
          • Data Markers
          • Linked Keys
          • ECIES
          • Fees
          • HD Keys
          • Headers
          • Secure Messages
          • Merkle Path Verification
      • Python
        • Examples
          • Simple Tx
          • Verifying BEEF
          • Complex Tx
          • Script Templates
          • Encryption
          • Message Signing
          • Building A Custom Broadcaster
          • HD Wallets
          • Linked Keys
          • Fees
          • Merkle Path Verification
          • ECIES
  • BSV Academy
    • Getting Started
    • BSV Basics: Protocol and Design
      • Introduction
        • Bit-Coin
      • The BSV Ledger
        • The Ledger
        • Triple Entry Accounting
        • Example
      • Coins and Transactions
        • Coins
        • Transactions
        • Transaction Fees
      • Theory
      • Conclusion
    • BSV Enterprise
      • Introduction
      • About BSV Blockchain
        • Introduction
        • Safe, Instant Transactions at a Predictably Low Cost
          • Reliably Low Fees
          • Comparison to Legacy Transaction Systems
          • Payment Channels
        • Scalability to Accommodate Global Demand
          • Big Blocks Show Big Potential
        • A Plan for Regulatory Acceptance
          • Ready-made Compliance
          • The Open BSV License
        • Protocol Stability
          • Building Foundations on a Bedrock of Stone
      • Technical Details
        • The Network
          • The Small World Network
          • Robust In Its Unstructured Simplicity
        • The Bitcoin SV Node Client
          • Teranode - The Future of BSV
        • The Protocol - Simple, Robust and Unbounded
          • What is the BSV Protocol?
        • Proof of Work
          • The Algorithm
          • Efficiency of Proof of Work
        • Privacy and Identity
        • Permissions and Privacy
      • Resources and Tools
        • The Technical Standards Comittee
          • TSC Principles
          • Standard Development Process
          • Status of Current and In-progress Standards
        • The Working Blockchain
          • Pruning to Create a Working Blockchain
          • Building a Working Blockchain from a List of Block Headers
          • A World View Backed by Proof of Work
    • Hash Functions
      • What are Hash Functions?
        • The Differences Between Hashing and Encryption
        • The Three Important Properties of Hash Functions
        • The Hash Functions Found in BSV
      • Base58 and Base58Check
        • What is Base58 and Why Does Bitcoin use it?
        • What is Base58 and How Does BSV use it?
      • SHA256
        • BSV Transactions and SHA-256
        • BSV Blocks and SHA-256
        • Proof-of-Work and HASH-256
      • Walkthrough Implementation of SHA-256 in Golang
        • Overview of SHA-256
        • SHA-256 Input and Processing
        • SHA-256 Compression
        • SHA-256 Final Value Construction and Output
      • RIPEMD-160
        • BSV Addresses & WIFs
      • Walkthrough Implementation of RIPEMD-160 in Golang
        • Overview of RIPEMD-160
        • RIPEMD-160 Input and Processing
        • RIPEMD-160 Compression
        • RIPEMD-160 Final Value Construction and Output
      • Doubla Hashing and BSV's Security
        • Why is Double Hashing Used in BSV
        • Hash Functions and BSV's Security Model
    • Merkle Trees
      • The Merkle Tree
        • What is a Merkle Tree?
        • Why use a Merkle Tree?
        • Merkle Trees in Action
      • Merkles Trees in BSV
        • The Data Elements
        • Transaction Merkle Trees
        • Transaction Merkle Trees in Action
      • Merkle Trees and the Block Header
        • What is the Block Header
        • The Hash Puzzle
        • Proof-of-Work in Action
      • Merkle trees and Verifying Proof of Work
        • Broadcasting the Block
        • The Coinbase Transaction
        • Data Integrity of the Block
        • Saving Disk Space
      • Standarised Merkle Proof
        • What is a Merkle Proof?
        • The BSV Unified Merkle Path (BUMP) Standard
        • Simple and Composite Proofs
      • Merkle Trees and Simplified Payment Verification
        • SPV
        • Offline Payments
    • Digital Signatures
      • What are Digital Signatures
        • Background
        • Introduction
        • Digital Signatures Protocol
        • Properties of Digital Signatures
      • ECDSA Prerequisites
        • Disclaimer
        • Modular Arithmetic
        • Groups, Rings and Finite Fields
        • Discrete Logarithm Problem
        • Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)
        • Discrete Logarithm Problem with Elliptic Curves
      • ECDSA
        • Introduction
        • ECDSA
        • Further Discussion
      • BSV and Digital Signatures
        • Introduction
        • BSV Transaction
        • ECDSA (secp256k1) for BSV Transaction
        • Summary
        • Signed Messages
        • Miner Identification and Digital Signatures
    • BSV Theory
      • Abstract
        • Peer-to-Peer Cash
        • Digital Signatures and Trusted Third Parties
        • Peer-to-Peer Network
        • Timechain and Proof-of-Work
        • CPU Power
        • Cooperation in the Network
        • Network Structure
        • Messaging Between Nodes
      • Introduction
        • Commerce on the Internet
        • Non Reversible Transactions
        • Privacy in Commerce
        • The Paradigm of Fraud Acceptance
        • What is Needed...
        • Protecting Sellers From Fraud
        • Proposed Solution
        • Security and Honesty
      • Transactions
        • Electronic Coins
        • Spending a Coin
        • Payee Verification
        • Existing Solutions
        • First Seen Rule
        • Broadcasting Transactions
        • Achieving Consensus
        • Proof of Acceptance
      • Timestamp Server
        • Timestamped Hashes
        • A Chain of Timestamped Hashes
      • Proof of Work
        • Hashcash
        • Scanning Random Space
        • Nonce
        • Immutable Work
        • Chain Effort
        • One CPU, One Vote
        • The Majority Decision
        • The Honest Chain
        • Attacking the Longest Chain
        • Controlling the Block Discovery Rate
      • Network
        • Running the Network
        • The Longest Chain
        • Simultaneous Blocks
        • Breaking the Tie
        • Missed Messages
      • Incentive
        • The Coinbase Transaction
        • Coin Distribution
        • Mining Analogy
        • Transaction Fees
        • The End of Inflation
        • Encouraging Honesty
        • The Attacker's Dilemma
      • Reclaiming Disk Space
        • Spent Transactions
        • The Merkle Tree
        • Compacting Blocks
        • Block Headers
      • Simplified Payment Verification
        • Full Network Nodes
        • Merkle Branches
        • Transaction Acceptance
        • Verification During Attack Situations
        • Maintaining an Attack
        • Invalid Block Relay System
        • Businesses Running Nodes
      • Combining and Splitting Value
        • Dynamically Sized Coins
        • Inputs and Outputs
        • A Typical Example
        • Fan Out
      • Privacy
        • Traditional Models
        • Privacy in Bitcoin
        • Public Records
        • Stock Exchange Comparison
        • Key Re-Use
        • Privacy - Assessment 2
        • Linking Inputs
        • Linking the Owner
      • Calculations
        • Attacking the Chain
        • Things the Attacker Cannot Achieve
        • The Only Thing an Attacker Can Achieve
        • The Binomial Random Walk
        • The Gambler's Ruin
        • Exponential Odds
        • Waiting For Confirmation
        • Attack Via Proof of Work
        • Vanishing Probabilities
      • Conclusion
        • Conclusion Explained
    • Introduction to Bitcoin Script
      • Chapter 1: About Bitcoin Script
        • 01 - Introduction
        • 02 - FORTH: A Precursor to Bitcoin Script
        • 03 - From FORTH to Bitcoin Script
        • 04 - Bitcoin's Transaction Protocol
        • 05 - Transaction Breakdown
        • 06 - nLockTime
        • 07 - The Script Evaluator
      • Chapter 2: Basic Script Syntax
        • 01 - Introduction
        • 02 - Rules Around Data and Scripting Grammar
        • 03 - The Stacks
      • Chapter 3: The Opcodes
        • 01 - Introduction
        • 02 - Constant Value and PUSHDATA Opcodes
        • 03 - IF Loops
        • 04 - OP_NOP, OP_VERIFY and its Derivatives
        • 05 - OP_RETURN
        • 06 - Stack Operations
        • 07 - Data transformation
        • 08 - Stack Data Queries
        • 09 - Bitwise transformations and Arithmetic
        • 10 - Cryptographic Functions
        • 11 - Disabled and Removed Opcodes
      • Chapter 4: Simple Scripts
        • 01 - Introduction
        • 01 - Pay to Public Key (P2PK)
        • 02 - Pay to Hash Puzzle
        • 03 - Pay to Public Key Hash (P2PKH)
        • 04 - Pay to MultiSig (P2MS)
        • 05 - Pay to MultiSignature Hash (P2MSH)
        • 06 - R-Puzzles
      • Chapter 5: OP_PUSH_TX
        • 01 - Turing Machines
        • 02 - Elliptic Curve Signatures in Bitcoin
        • 03 - OP_PUSH_TX
        • 04 - Signing and Checking the Pre-Image
        • 05 - nVersion
        • 06 - hashPrevouts
        • 07 - hashSequence
        • 08 - Outpoint
        • 09 - scriptLen and scriptPubKey
        • 10 - value
        • 11 - nSequence
        • 12 - hashOutputs
        • 13 - nLocktime
        • 14 - SIGHASH flags
      • Chapter 6: Conclusion
        • Conclusion
    • BSV Infrastructure
      • The Instructions
        • The Whitepaper
        • Steps to Run the Network
        • Step 1
        • Step 2
        • Step 3
        • Step 4
        • Step 5
        • Step 6
      • Rules and their Enforcement
        • Introduction
        • Consensus Rules
        • Block Consensus Rules
        • Transaction Consensus Rules
        • Script Language Rules
        • Standard Local Policies
      • Transactions, Payment Channels and Mempools
      • Block Assembly
      • The Small World Network
        • The Decentralisation of Power
        • Incentive Driven Behaviour
        • Lightspeed Propagation of Transactions
        • Ensuring Rapid Receipt and Propagation of New Blocks
        • Hardware Developments to Meet User Demand
        • Novel Service Delivery Methods
        • MinerID
      • Conclusion
  • Research and Development
    • BRCs
    • Technical Standards
  • Support & Contribution
    • Join Our Discord
    • GitHub
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